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Name:
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Mt. Erebus | ||
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Discovered:
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1841 by James Ross and crew | ||
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First Ascent:
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1908 (to crater rim) by members of Ernest Shackleton's expedition | ||
| Ross Island, Antarctica | |||
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Summit Latitude/Longitude:
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77°32'S, 167°10'E | ||
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Elevation:
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3794 meters | ||
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Average winter temperature:
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approx. -60° Celsius | ||
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Average summer temperature:
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approx. -20° Celsius | ||
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Type:
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Stratovolcano | ||
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Age:
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Active from ~1.3 million years ago to present | ||
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Petrology:
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Basanite to Trachyte | ||
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Eruptive style (prehistoric):
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Large volume lava flows | ||
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Eruptive style (historic):
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Frequent Strombolian
eruptions. Infrequent ash eruptions. Rare lava flows confined to inner crater. |
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Notable features:
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Persistent convecting
phonolite lava lake. Persistent low-level eruptive activity. One of Earth's few long-lived lava lakes. Most active volcano in Antarctica. Lavas and bombs contain large (<10 cm) phenocrysts (crystals) of anorthoclase feldspar. |
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Research on Mt. Erebus has been primarily conducted by scientists in the Department of Earth and Environmental Science and the Bureau of Geology and Mineral resources at the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology. Each austral summer, a group of scientists and students ascend the volcano to live and work for several weeks (early December to early January). Current research consists of 1) continued monitoring of the SO2 flux from the lava lake, 2) measuring the CO2 emissions from the lava lake and summit, 3) geochronology of the summit and flank lava flows, 4) continued monitoring of the seismic and seismoacoustic activity of the volcano through the use of a network of highly-sensitive broad-band seismometers, 5) establishing a GPS base network to monitor the short- and long-term deformation of the volcano. |
| Mount Erebus is located on Ross Island in the Ross Sea. Ross Island is composed of of Mt. Erebus and three other extinct major volcanic centers: Mt. Bird to the north, Mt. Terror to the east, and Hut Point Peninsula to the south (the far southern point of Hut Point Peninsula is the location of McMurdo Station - the main US base in Antarctica - and Scott Base - the main New Zealand base in Antarctica. |


This site was created by
Richard P. Esser
under the auspices of MEVO
Principal Investigators Richard C. Aster and Philip R. Kyle
All questions and comments should be directed to: Richard Esser